EFFECT OF ACACIA NILOTICA LEAVES EXTRACT ON HYPERGLYCAEMIA, LIPID PROFILE AND PLATELET AGGREGATION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Abstract
Background: To consider new hypoglycaemic, anti-hyperlipidaemic and anti-platelet aggregationsources, aqueous methanol extract of Acacia Nilotica (AN) leaves was investigated in streptozotocin
induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in 90 out of 120 male albino rats by
administering 50 mg/Kg bodyweight (bw) streptozotocin intraperitonealy, and was confirmed by
measuring fasting blood glucose level >200 mg/dL on 4th post-induction day. The rats were equally
divided into 4 groups, A (normal control), B (diabetic control), C (diabetics rats treated with plant
extract) and group D (diabetics rats treated with glyburide). The rats of group C and D were given
single dose of 300 mg/Kg bw, AN extract, and 900 µg/Kg bw glyburide respectively for 3 weeks.
Blood glucose levels were measured by glucometer, platelet aggregation by DiaMed method, β-
thromboglobulin and insulin by ELISA technique, and lipid components were measured by enzymatic
calorimetric method. Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) were noticed in blood glucose, serum
insulin, platelet aggregation and triglyceride levels in diabetic rats treated with AN extract and
glyburide as compared to diabetic controlled rats. A significant difference (p<0.05) in β-
thromboglobulin and LDL levels was also noticed in rats treated with glyburide than the diabetic
controlled rats. The levels of fasting blood glucose, β-thromboglobulin and platelet aggregation were
significantly reduced (p<0.05) in diabetic rats treated with glyburide than AN extract treated rats.
Conclusions: Administration of AN leaves extract showed hypoglycaemic and anti-platelet
aggregation activity in diabetic rats as that of glyburide.
Keywords: Acacia Nilotica, Hypoglycemia, Streptozotocin
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