PREVALENCE, EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PREOPERATIVE ANAEMIA IN THE ELECTIVE GENERAL SURGICAL PATIENTS
Abstract
Background: Anaemia is the commonest haematological problem in the preoperative patients. Often itis a sign of underlying disease or associated co-morbid condition. A low haemoglobin level is
associated with an excess risk in surgical procedure and its outcome. Therefore an understanding of any
cause, evaluation and any potential treatment is crucial in the preoperative setting. Our objective was to
determine prevalence, evaluation and management of preoperative anaemia in the elective general
surgical patients. Methods: Prospective observational study in Surgical Unit-II, Liaquat University
Hospital Jamshoro from July 2008 to June 2009. One hundred and twenty-five anaemic cases were
included in the study, with haemoglobin level <10 g/dl. Their age ranged from 13 to 70 years. They
were evaluated for preoperative anaemia in relation to surgical problems and associated any co-morbid
conditions. Results: Out of 830 patients during the study period, 125 patients were anaemic with
haemoglobin level 2.1-9.9 g/dl. Fifty-six (44.8%) were male and 69 (55.2%) were female, and 68.5%
patients were from rural areas. Hypochromic microcytic was seen in 101 (80.8%) cases. Commonest
surgical problem associated with anaemia was malignancies (27.2%) followed by haemorrhoids (20%)
and tuberculosis of abdomen (14.4%). Majority of patients (52%) were managed on oral iron
supplements while 48% received blood transfusions.
Keywords: Pre-operative, Anaemia, causes, evaluation, management, malignancy, haemorrhoids
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